Lub tshuab ntawm kev ua ntawm nplaim taws retardants yog qhov tseem ceeb, tab sis lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov nplaim hluav taws xob tsis muaj dab tsi txiav cov kev sib txuas ntawm lub cev thiab tshuaj. Tseem muaj ntau yam tsis meej txog kev ua ntawm nplaim hluav taws xob rov qab, tab sis raws li cov kev xav uas tau luam tawm kom deb li deb, lawv tuaj yeem sau tau mus rau hauv cov hauv qab no.
(1) Lub cev qhuav dej ntawm cov khoom siv dag zog ntawm cov nplaim hluav taws xob ua rau muaj kev sib txuas ntawm cov organic carbonized kom tsis txhob tsim cov nplaim taws tsis nqa tawm los ntawm cov tshuaj yooj yim. Yog li ntawd, yog hais tias lub thermal decomposition ntawm yas tau sai tau nrawm, tsis nyob ntawm theem ntawm cov pa roj carbon, nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev sib txuas. Piv txwv li, cellulose impregnated nrog kev daws teeb meem ntawm phosphateous lossis cov kav hlau hnyav. Tom qab ziab, tsuas yog carbonancy thiab zoom tshwm sim thaum cua sov, uas ua rau nws nyuaj ua rau ua rau nplaim taws sib txuas. Qhov no yog vim lub cev tsis haum ntawm cellulose tshwm sim los ntawm phosphate, uas txhawb nqa lub cim roj carbon cellulose.
Thaum organic phosphorus tebchaw yog nthuav tawm cov nplaim taws, cov kev txiav txim siab hauv qab no tshwm sim:
Organic phosphorus compound - Monophosphate {{1} py1 {py2 3} pyrophosphate
Tus kawg Generated Polyphosphoric acid yog ib tug neeg sawv cev muaj zog heev uas tuaj yeem txhawb nqa cov organicization ntawm cov organic sib sau, thiab zaj duab xis dub ua si lub nplaim hluav taws xob retardant lub luag haujlwm.
(2) Cov nplaim hluav taws retardant decomposes los ua ib qho tsis - kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv zaj duab xis. Cov nplaim taws retardant decomposes ntawm qhov kub ntawm cov khoom sib txuas, thiab nws cov khoom siv tsis zoo rau cov khaub ncaws, yog li cais cov cua thiab ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm cov nplaim hluav taws xob rov qab. Qhov no yog qhov teeb meem no thaum siv borax boric acid sib tov thiab phosphide li nplaim taws retardants.
Phosphorus halides (R4px) yauv thermal decomposition kom tsim cov phosphorus thiab Alkylal (Rx). Phosphorus tau yooj yim oxidized los ua phosphorus oxides (R3Po), uas ntxiv txoj sia ua daim duab polyphosphate iav lub cev. Qhov no txuas ntxiv cov iav lub cev ua cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv. Npog qhov saum npoo ntawm cov polymer rau cais oxygen thiab rub nws cov nplaim taws retardant nyhuv.
(3) Cov khoom decomposition ntawm nplaim retardants txiav tawm ntawm cov saw cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov radicals dawb thiab decompose lawv mus rau hauv cov kua muag yas commusion. Lub sooto txuas ntxiv oxidpases thiab decomposes ntawm he - radicals txuas ntxiv cov nplaim hluav taws xob ntawm cov nplaim taws. Hauv kev sib txuas ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm polymers, nplaim hluav taws xob yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm H0 thiab dawb yog tias yog txiav, nplaim taws sib xyaw tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau zoo.
Cov txheej txheem combusiontion ntawm hydrocarbons yog qhov nyuaj heev. Radicals muaj lub zog siab. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ceev yog heev ceev heev. Yog li, cov qib ntawm kev sib txuas yog txiav txim siab los ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm HOA HEACH DAWB RADICS.
Thaum halogenated nplaim taws retardants, lawv yuav decompose nyob rau hauv hydrogen haldated, uas tuaj yeem ntes cov khoom siv hydroge, uas tuaj yeem hloov lawv mus rau hauv qis {1} Lub Zog · R · r · r · dub thiab dej. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, x black radicals muaj dab tsi nrog hydrocarbons kom rov tsim dua rau hauv hx. Lub voj voog no txuas ntxiv mus, yog li txiav tawm txoj saw cuam tshuam ntawm Hoan radicals. Cov hydrogen tsim los ntawm cov thermal decomposition ntawm cov polymers hloov pauv mus rau hauv cov pa roj av dub, ua rau cov pa hluav taws dub, ua rau cov nplaim taws ntawm hydrohpaCons.
(4) Cov nyhuv synergistic ntawm kev pub dawb yog pib, thiab halogenation nplaim taws retardants nrog kev sib txuas dawb xws li pom thiab isoplastics. Qhov no yog vim tias nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm tshav kub, dawb radical pib xws li peroxides txhawb nqa br {2} sov radicals tsim tawm thaum lub sij hawm combusioned tam sim ntawd.
Thaum siv halogen muaj nplaim taws retardants ib leeg, polystyrene yuav tsum muaj 10% rau 5% rau 5% rau kev ua tiav nplaim taws rov ua; Yog tias siv hauv kev sib xyaw nrog kev ywj pheej dawb radical. Tsuas yog 4% rau 8% CI1 lossis 0.5% rau 3% br yog xav tau.
Antiss oxide (SB2O3) muaj cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo thaum siv cov nplaim taws uas siv tau thaum sib xyaw ua ke, feem ntau yog vim muaj kev tsim ntawm cov neeg saib xyuas cov ntshav siab.
Sbcl3 (boiling point 223 degree) thiab sbbr3 (boiling point 288 degree) yog volatile cov ntsiab lus, uas tuaj yeem nyob hauv thaj chaw sib txuas rau lub sijhawm ntev dua. Cov tshuaj pleev ib ce muaj peev xwm txhawb cov polymers hauv ob ntu thiab khoom theem. Dehahalogenation ntawm nplaim retardant system thiab carbonation ntawm polymer nto. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tuaj yeem ntes tau he radicals hauv theem roj. Yog li ntawd, kev sib xyaw ntawm cov tshuaj txhuamxide oxide thiab halogenated nplaim taws yog qhov feem ntau siv cov nplaim hluav taws xob retardant mis.
(1) dispersion ntawm combusttion tshav kub thiab dilution ntawm flammable tshuaj
Aluminium hydroxide yog ib qho ntawm cov nplaim taws retardants nrog txoj haujlwm no. Nws cov nplaim tawg rov qab tsis muaj zog, yog li tus nqi ntxiv yog qhov siab li 40-60 feem, uas tseem ua haujlwm ua tus muab tub lim. Thaum cov roj hmab yas hlawv, Aluminium hydroxide decomposes thiab nqus tau ntau npaum li cas ntawm tshav kub.
Vim tias nqus tau ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm tshav kub, qhov ntsuas kub ntawm lub polymer yog qis dua, yog li qeeb qeeb decomposition, evaporation, thiab kev sib txuas. Aluminium hydroxide yog tsis muaj kev sib cav, thiab thaum sau rau hauv ib qho nyiaj ntawm 40-60 feem, nws yog sib npaug rau "diluting" cov commutible polymer. Li no kho cov nplaim hluavtaws rov qab.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, thaum lub thermal decomposition ntawm polymers tsim cov roj av uas muaj cov roj ntsha uas tsis muaj roj ntsha Txoj haujlwm ntawm cov nplaim hluav taws retardants yog qhov tseeb ua cov txheej txheem nyuaj uas tau sib txuas ntau yam tau hais saum toj no.
